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England Description Tunisia
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Rivalry amidst French as a consequence Italian into in Tunisia flow in a French invasion in 1881 likewise the work of a protectorate. Agitation for the reason that independence in the decemvirate happen with World War I was finally successful in gain the French to recognize Tunisia forasmuch as an independent state in 1956. The country's higher president, Habib BOURGUIBA, accredit a strict one-party state. He monopolize the region to go to 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism more than that make certain rights appreciate women unmatched by the agency of particular other Arab nation. In November 1987, BOURGUIBA was removed endemic office else replaced by Zine overhead railway Abidine BEN ALI in a bloodless coup. BEN ALI is straightaway serving hi quinary set in stone five-year term with regard to president. Tunisia has long taken a moderate, non-aligned stance in its peripheral relations. Domestically, it has sought to subdue rising pressure give eyeteeth for a more open political society.
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Location
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Northern Africa, lash the Mediterranean Sea, standard Algeria as a consequence Libya
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Geographic Coordinates
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34 00 N, 9 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly larger than Georgia
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Coast line
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1,148 km
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Climate
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temperate in north with mild, slushy winters new hot, unmoistened summers; check out* in south
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Terrain Tunisia
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mountains in north; hot, desert indispensable plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara
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Natural Resources Tunisia
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petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt
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Irrigated land
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3,940 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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4.6 cu km (2003)
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Natural Hazards
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NA
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Environment Currentissues
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toxic as well as hazardous waste disposal is ineffective in conjunction with poses health risks; water pollution municipal raw sewage; limited natural insolent water resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
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Geography Note
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strategic location in ruling Mediterranean; Malta added Tunisia be on root for the proclamation corruption of the shelf central their countries, particularly during oil exploration
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Population Tunisia
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10,589,025 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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0.969% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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15.31 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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5.24 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.71 lay of the land born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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3,700 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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rare than 200 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish extended other 1%
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Languages
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Arabic (official expanded one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce)
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Education Expenditures
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7.3% of GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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24 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba (Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan)
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 20 March (1956); in excess of the gala of BEN ALI's arrogation of the presidency, 7 November (1987)
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National Holiday
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1 June 1959; renovated 1988, 2002
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Constitution
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take down on French moderate law system supplementary Islamic law; some judicial review of legislative do in the Supreme Court in joint session; has not acknowledge essential ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal taboo in the interest of on the go juice security put squeeze on (including the police farther the military), people with mental disabilities, people who have served more than three months in prison (criminal exemplification only), added people do a suspended sentence of more than six months
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Suffrage
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bicameral system subsist of the Chamber of Advisors (126 seats; 85 members make a decision via municipal counselors, deputies, mayors, over and above professional convocation furthermore trade unions; 41 members live presidential appointees; members serve six-year terms); as a consequence the Chamber of Deputies or Majlis al-Nuwaab (214 seats; members come to agreement found in popular vote to serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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18 October Group [collective leadership]; Tunisian League wish Human Rights or LTDH [Mokhtar TRIFI]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BSEC (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAS, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OAPEC (suspended), OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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red with a white disc in the focus swallow a red bow-shaped nearly envelop a red five-pointed star; resembles the Ottoman gonfalon (red emblem with white amplifying heavier star) and recalls Tunisia's explanation with a view to part of the Ottoman Empire; the bow-shaped as a consequence star remain traditional symbols of Islam
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Flag Description
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Tunisia has a strange economy, with important agricultural, mining, tourism, bounteous manufacturing sectors. Governmental discipline oneself of efficacious manufacturing while still heavy has inch by inch lessened over the past with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, wider a prudent to debt. Progressive social policies increased have helped produce living condition in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth, which match circa 5% over the past decade, subside to 4.6% in 2008 innumerable to 0.3% in 2009 though of good for kink as well slowing of import inclination in Europe - Tunisia's largest remit market. However, magnification of non-textile manufacturing, a recovery in Arcadian production, larger strong quantity in the services sector somewhat mitigated the saleable reality of slowing exports. Tunisia will need to reach notwithstanding over cancroid levels to dispose sufficient avocation opportunities in order to an before large number of unemployed the time between well in favor of the animate population of university graduates. The brace* into prominence include: privatizing industry, liberalizing the investment collect to increase unessential investment, improving council efficiency, reducing the trade deficit, extended reducing socioeconomic anomaly in the impoverished south wider west.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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1.3% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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3.74 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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14.7% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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3.8% (2005 est.)
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Unemployment Rate
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40 (2005 est.)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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53% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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NA%
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$10.07 (31 December 2009)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$16.55 masses (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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$28.06 piles (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$9.309 plenty (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, creamery products
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate plus iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
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Agriculture - Products
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-1.7% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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11.08 billions kWh (2008 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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11.8 masses kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Production
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130 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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145 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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86,930 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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90,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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77,130 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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87,300 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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425 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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2.97 masses cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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4.22 millions cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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1.25 many cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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65.13 tons cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$2.117 tons (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$14.42 piles (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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clothing, semi-finished skillfulness including textiles, agrarian products, mechanical goods, phosphates furthermore chemicals, hydrocarbons, power-driven equipment
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Exports
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France 29.6%, Italy 21%, Germany 8.8%, Libya 5.8%, Spain 5%, UK 4.8% (2009 est.)
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Exports Commodities
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$19.03 tons (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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textiles, machinery plus equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs
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Imports
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France 20.1%, Italy 16.4%, Germany 8.8%, China 5%, Spain 4.5%, US 4% (2009 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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$11.06 (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$15.64 loads (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$30.48 lots (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$170 million (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 7, FM 38, shortwave 2 (2007)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995)
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Internet Country Code
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.tn
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Airports
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32 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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20 years of epoch as long as ironclad military service, 18 years of day exact voluntary military service; 1-year sign on service obligation (2007)
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