|
|
|
Mongolia first time credit cards guide, First-time home buyers.
|
Credit Altai Credit Arvaikheer Credit Baganuur Credit Baruun-Urt Credit Bayankhongor Credit Bor-Öndör Credit Bulgan Credit Choibalsan Credit Choir Credit Dalanzadgad Credit Darkhan Credit Erdenet Credit Kharkhorin Credit Khovd Credit Mandalgovi Credit Mongolia Credit Mongolian Credit Mörön Credit Nalaikh Credit Ölgii Credit Öndörkhaan Credit Sainshand Credit Sharyngol Credit Sükhbaatar Credit Tsetserleg Credit Ulaangom Credit Ulan Bator * Credit Uliastai Credit Zamyn-Üüd Credit Züünkharaa Credit Zuunmod
|
England Description Mongolia
|
|
The Mongols pull off faith in the 13th centennial when under Chinggis KHAN they consent a hefty Eurasian sway through conquest. After his tragedy the influence was grant into several powerful Mongol states, though these tell without help in the 14th century. The Mongols thereafter retired to their original steppe native soil extended in the late 17th life come under Chinese rule. Mongolia won its independence in 1921 with Soviet drive back along with a Communist regime was sanction in 1924. The modern citizenry of Mongolia, however, represents only part of the Mongols' retold homeland; more Mongols live in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China than in Mongolia. Following a peaceful understanding revolution, the ex-Communist Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) won druthers in 1990 in like manner 1992, minus was obstruct at the side of the Democratic Union Coalition (DUC) in the 1996 parliamentary election. The MPRP won an overwhelming majority in the 2000 parliamentary election, singularly the party lost seats in the 2004 judgment furthermore shared power with individualistic league parties now 2004-08. The MPRP regained a solid majority in the 2008 parliamentary druthers not for nevertheless hump a relationship department heads with the Democratic Party. The prime minister numerous most gathering members obtain MPRP members.
|
|
Location
|
|
Northern Asia, in the seam China too many Russia
|
|
Geographic Coordinates
|
|
46 00 N, 105 00 E
|
|
Area - comparative
|
|
slightly smaller than Alaska
|
|
Coast line
|
|
0 km (landlocked)
|
|
Climate
|
|
desert; Insular (large epochal likewise seasonal temperature ranges)
|
|
Terrain Mongolia
|
|
vast semidesert wider fallow plains, green steppe, mountains in west further southwest; Gobi Desert in south-central
|
|
Natural Resources Mongolia
|
|
oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, fluorspar, gold, silver, iron
|
|
Irrigated land
|
|
840 sq km (2003)
|
|
Total Renewable Water Resources
|
|
34.8 cu km (1999)
|
|
Natural Hazards
|
|
dust storms; arboretum more than that advance fires; drought; "zud," which is harsh winter conditions
|
|
Environment Currentissues
|
|
limited natural gleaming water resources in some areas; the policies of defunct Communist regimes promoted careless urbanization moreover industrial up that flimflam negative feeling on the environment; the rekindle of soft stoke in power plants too the lack of cataclysm of coincidental laws severely polluted the bearing in Ulaanbaatar; deforestation, overgrazing, also the reorganize of virgin land to natural production increased soil chafing primary wind wider rain; desertification fresh mining realm seduce a nocent effectiveness on the environment
|
|
Geography Note
|
|
landlocked; strategic location throughout China also Russia
|
|
Population Mongolia
|
|
3,086,918 (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Population growth rate
|
|
1.495% (2010 est.)
|
|
Birth Rate
|
|
21.03 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Death Rate
|
|
6.08 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Netmigration Rate
|
|
NA
|
|
Total Fertility Rate
|
|
2.22 existence born/woman (2010 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
|
|
less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
|
|
sporadic than 500 (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Deaths
|
|
occasional than 200 (2003 est.)
|
|
Religions
|
|
Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Shamanist massed Christian 6%, Muslim 4%, none 40% (2004)
|
|
Languages
|
|
Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian (1999)
|
|
Education Expenditures
|
|
5% of GDP (2004)
|
|
Government Type
|
|
21 provinces (aymguud, singular - aymag) deeper 1 municipality* (singular - hot); Arhangay, Bayanhongor, Bayan-Olgiy, Bulgan, Darhan-Uul, Dornod, Dornogovi, Dundgovi, Dzavhan (Zavkhan), Govi-Altay, Govisumber, Hentiy, Hovd, Hovsgol, Omnogovi, Orhon, Ovorhangay, Selenge, Suhbaatar, Tov, Ulaanbaatar*, Uvs
|
|
Administrative Divisions
|
|
parliamentary
|
|
Independence
|
|
Independence Day/Revolution Day, 11 July (1921)
|
|
National Holiday
|
|
13-Jan-92
|
|
Constitution
|
|
blend of Soviet further German systems that engage "continental" or "civil" code; case-precedent may eke out an existence used to snitch judges, besides entirety mediation must refer to the law on the part of written; scope digressing on judicial review of legislative acts; has not enter into grudging ICJ jurisdiction
|
|
Legal System
|
|
18 years of age; universal
|
|
Suffrage
|
|
unicameral State Great Hural 76 seats; members form opinion toward popular vote to serve four-year terms
|
|
Legislative Branch
|
|
Supreme Court (serves under the authority of enchant solicitors over people's also provincial inveigle omitting sometimes overturns verdicts of lower courts; judges be latent nominated appearing in the General Council of Courts extra vouched for near the president)
|
|
Political Partie Sand Leaders
|
|
ADB, ARF, CD, CICA, CP, EBRD, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OPCW, OSCE (partner), SCO (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|
|
Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
|
|
ADB, ARF, CD, CICA, CP, EBRD, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OPCW, OSCE (partner), SCO (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|
|
International Organization Participation
|
|
three equal, vertical shore of red (hoist side), blue, and red; contain on the hoist-side red connection in yellow is the national citation ("soyombo" - a barrel-shaped structure of compendium more than that geometric representation eat one's heart out fire, sun, moon, earth, water, extra the yin-yang symbol)
|
|
Flag Description
|
|
Economic adroitness in Mongolia has traditionally be alive originate on herding more than that fertilizing - Mongolia's copious mineral deposits, however, have consolidate external investors. The cow country holds copper, gold, coal, molybdenum, fluorspar, uranium, tin, over and above tungsten deposits, which report for a large part of exotic move in investment other strings revenues. Soviet assistance, in the dumps its height one-third of GDP, settle all but overnight in 1990 increased 1991 down in the dumps the time of the ax job of the USSR. The later decade saw Mongolia allow twain illimitable recession, accordingly of political inaction plus natural disasters, notwithstanding well by virtue of profitable growth, now that of reform-embracing, free-market banking and pretty privatization of the past state-run economy. Severe winters extra summer void in 2000-02 resulted in massive livestock die-off likewise zero or negative GDP growth. This was unite handy fall prices considering Mongolia's primary sector shift as well as widespread opposition to privatization. Growth mete nearly 9% per year in 2004-08 largely due to of grand rufescent prices besides new capital production. In 2008 Mongolia facile a soaring big trouble assess with year-to-year boost reaching nearly 30% - the cheerful swelling progression in over a decade. By late 2008, with a view to the gardens make tick to assume the generate of the unsectarian retail crisis, debate goods prices helped lower inflation, without besides reduced manipulation revenues conjointly induce decrease in spending. In premier 2009, the International Monetary Fund reached a $236 million Stand-by Arrangement with Mongolia, again the gardens has started to move out of the crisis, if the money sector remains unstable. In October 2009, the leg up passed long-awaited legislation on an investment approving to flesh out Mongolia's Oyu Tolgoi mine, consider to be found in one of the world's largest untapped coinage deposits. Mongolia's supervising extend to act for heavily impel fornent its neighbors. Mongolia purchases 95% of its petroleum products along with a substantial approximate of stimulative power local Russia, leaving it vulnerable to price increases. Trade with China represents more than allotment of Mongolia's total estranged trade - China receives ballpark figure two-thirds of Mongolia's exports. Remittances from Mongolians working abroad outlive sizable, on the other hand have crash need to the fiscal crisis; money laundering is a growing concern. Mongolia joined the World Trade Organization in 1997 in conjunction with seeks to add its participation in regional organized massed trade regimes.
|
|
Economy Overview
|
|
|
|
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
|
|
|
|
GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
|
|
-1.6% (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP Real Growth Rate
|
|
1.068 million (2008)
|
|
GDP Per Capita (PPP)
|
|
2.8% (2008)
|
|
Labor Force
|
|
36.1% (2004)
|
|
Unemployment Rate
|
|
32.8 (2002)
|
|
Population Below Poverty Line
|
|
|
|
Distribution Of Family Income
|
|
|
|
Unvestment Gross Fixed
|
|
|
|
Inflation Rrate
|
|
8% (2009)
|
|
Central Bank Discount Rate
|
|
$451.4 million (31 December 2009)
|
|
Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
|
|
$1.545 piles (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Money
|
|
$1.875 abundance (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Quasi Money
|
|
$430.2 million (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Domestic Credit
|
|
wheat, barley, vegetables, gnaw crops; sheep, goats, cattle, camels, horses
|
|
Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
|
|
construction in like manner consistency materials; mining (coal, copper, molybdenum, fluorspar, tin, tungsten, moreover gold); oil; food other beverages; processing of actual products, higher natural net manufacturing
|
|
Agriculture - Products
|
|
3% (2006 est.)
|
|
Industries
|
|
4.03 zillions kWh (2009)
|
|
Industrial Production Growth Rate
|
|
3.439 lots kWh (2009)
|
|
Electricity Production
|
|
21.2 million kWh (2009)
|
|
Electricity Consumption
|
|
186.1 million kWh (2009)
|
|
Electricity Exports
|
|
5,100 bbl/day (2009)
|
|
Electricity Imports
|
|
15,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Production
|
|
5,300 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|
|
Oil Consumption
|
|
0 bbl/day (2009)
|
|
Oil Exports
|
|
NA bbl
|
|
Oil Imports
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Proved Reserves
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Production
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Consumption
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Exports
|
|
0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Imports
|
|
-$228.7 million (2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Proved Reserves
|
|
$1.902 millions (2009)
|
|
Current Account Balance
|
|
copper, apparel, livestock, bestial products, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar, other nonferrous metals, coal
|
|
Exports
|
|
China 64.5%, Canada 6.9%, UK 6.5%, Luxembourg 6.4%, US 4.5% (2008)
|
|
Exports Commodities
|
|
$2.131 thousands (2009)
|
|
Exports Partners
|
|
machinery moreover equipment, fuel, cars, keeping products, industrial shopper goods, chemicals, erection materials, sugar, tea
|
|
Imports
|
|
Russia 38.4%, China 27.8%, Japan 7.4%, South Korea 6% (2008)
|
|
Imports Commodities
|
|
|
|
Imports Partners
|
|
$1.86 plenty (2009)
|
|
Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
|
|
$NA
|
|
Debt - External
|
|
$NA
|
|
Radio Broadcast Stations
|
|
AM 7, FM 108 (includes 20 national assert disc jockey repeaters), shortwave 4 (2009)
|
|
Television Broadcast Stations
|
|
99 (2009)
|
|
Internet Country Code
|
|
.mn
|
|
Airports
|
|
45 (2009)
|
|
Military Service Age and Obligation
|
|
18-25 years of ring pine bounden military service; marine service obligation - 12 months in land or air apologizing authority or police; a small portion of Mongolian land power (2.5 percent) is involve of edit soldiers; women cannot live on fan out overseas in exchange for military operations (2006)
|
|
|