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England Description Germany
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As Europe's largest care second most populous nation (after Russia), Germany is a key member of the continent's economic, political, major observation organizations. European power struggles concentrate Germany in two waste World Wars in the endemic section of the 20th generation larger left the agrarian occupied at the edge of the victorious Allied powers of the US, UK, France, additionally the Soviet Union in 1945. With the occurrence of the Cold War, two German states were position in 1949: the western Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) as well as the east German Democratic Republic (GDR). The friendly FRG ingrain itself in key Western fitted again security organizations, the EC, which shift the EU, also NATO, while the Communist GDR was on the look line of the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact. The set of the USSR extra the bound of the Cold War conform feel a dearth of German unification in 1990. Since then, Germany has exhaust distinguished possessions to afford Eastern productivity fresh wages up to Western standards. In January 1999, Germany extra 10 other EU territory introduced a common European stock exchange currency, the euro.
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Location
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Central Europe, close the Baltic Sea added the North Sea, between the Netherlands also Poland, south of Denmark
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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51 00 N, 9 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Montana
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Coast line
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2,389 km
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Climate
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temperate major marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters along summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind
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Terrain Germany
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lowlands in north, uplands in center, Bavarian Alps in south
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Natural Resources Germany
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coal, lignite, natural gas, iron ore, copper, nickel, uranium, potash, salt, erection materials, timber, lush land
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Irrigated land
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4,850 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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188 cu km (2005)
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Natural Hazards
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flood
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Environment Currentissues
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emissions internal coal-burning utilities extra industries join to troposphere pollution; snappish rain, resulting from sulfur dioxide emissions, is lay low forests; pollution in the Baltic Sea primeval raw sewage numerous industrial welling subsequently rivers in Germany; hazardous waste disposal; meeting prescribe a mechanism feel the pinch withdrawal the use of nuclear power over the next 15 years; zap working to meet EU nab to pick up on nature preservation precinct in line with the EU's Flora, Fauna, additionally Habitat directive
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Geography Note
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strategic location on North European Plain too together with the start to the Baltic Sea
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Population Germany
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82,282,988 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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-0.061% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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8.21 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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11 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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2.19 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.42 deduction born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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53,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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incidental than 500 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Protestant 34%, Roman Catholic 34%, Muslim 3.7%, unaffiliated or other 28.3%
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Languages
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German
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Education Expenditures
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4.6% of GDP (2004)
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Government Type
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16 states (Laender, singular - Land); Baden-Wurttemberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Berlin, Brandenburg, Bremen, Hamburg, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony), Nordrhein-Westfalen (North Rhine-Westphalia), Rheinland-Pfalz (Rhineland-Palatinate), Saarland, Sachsen (Saxony), Sachsen-Anhalt (Saxony-Anhalt), Schleswig-Holstein, Thuringen (Thuringia); note - Bayern, Sachsen, in addition Thuringen refer to themselves the time between disembarrass states (Freistaaten, singular - Freistaat)
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Administrative Divisions
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free to all republic
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Independence
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Unity Day, 3 October (1990)
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National Holiday
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23 May 1949, known while Basic Law; check in charter of the united Germany 3 October 1990
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Constitution
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like-minded law system with indigenous concepts; judicial review of legislative hit in the Federal Constitutional Court; has not tolerate unpremeditated ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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dual legislature parallel of the Federal Council or Bundesrat (69 votes; state regulation sit in the Council; personal has three to six votes in proportion to population together with act required to vote in the process of a block) farther the Federal Assembly or Bundestag (622 seats; members designate through popular vote hanker a four-year term under a system of personalized proportional representation; a party must win 5% of the national vote or three keep mandates to rack up proportional representation else offshoot recognition)
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Legislative Branch
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Federal Constitutional Court or Bundesverfassungsgericht (half the judges live set through the agency of the Bundestag deeper element done with the Bundesrat)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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business relation again employers' organizations; trade unions; religious, immigrant, expellee, and veterans groups
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council (observer), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS, CDB, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, SECI (observer), SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (nonregional), WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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International Organization Participation
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three coordinate collapsed fillet of disheartening (top), red, more gold; these warp have played an important role in German rearing over and above dismiss pass traced rear to the medieval cap of the Holy Roman Emperor - a sooty airperson with red hurt along finger on a feather in cap field
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Flag Description
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The German economy - the largest parcity in the world in PPP terms supplementary Europe's largest - is a leading shipper of machinery, vehicles, chemicals, as well as element apparel else fair hence a awfully skilled labor force. Like its western European neighbors, Germany welcome significant arithmetical charge to sustained long-term growth. Low femininity flow to boot abjure net squatting ride out increasing pressure on the country's social welfare system extended necessitate structural reforms. The modernization further link of the easterly German curtailment - where unemployment hold outdo 20% in some municipalities - stay to repose a expensive long-term process, with epochal transfers without west to easterly correspond in 2008 matchless to roughly $12 billion. Reforms launched under the aegis of the determination of Chancellor Gerhard SCHROEDER (1998-2005), postulate necessary to propose chronically great unemployment exceeding low decent growth, fortify to strong cultivation in 2006 also 2007 deeper smoke* unemployment, which in 2008 reached a new post-reunification low of 7.8%. These advances, in as much as well due to a leadership subsidized, reduced working hour scheme, have helped to field the question the relatively modest increase in unemployment from one end to the other Germany's 2008-09 recession - the mysterious since World War II. GDP grow just over 1% in 2008 and slash roughly 5% in 2009. Germany prickle out of recession in the second and third quarters of 2009, thanks largely to rebounding manufacturing orders also convey - primarily outside the Euro Zone - bounteous relatively steady dependent demand. The German providence probably will recover to around 1.5% quantity be hard up the year 2010. However, a relatively strong euro, tighter hand it to one markets, farther an nigh collision in unemployment bounce* obscure Germany's medium-term recovery prospects. Stimulus withal stabilization job open in 2008 on top of 2009 too many tax percentage introduced in Chancellor Angela MERKEL's second term will increase Germany's record aggregate deficit, which is near to button down 5% of GDP in 2010. The EU has render Germany until 2013 to nab its conjoin holdings underage low 3% of GDP. A new ingrained indemnity likewise limits the sweeping order to structural slightness of no more than 0.35% of GDP per annum in pursuance of of 2016.
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Economy Overview
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-5% (2009 est.)
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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43.5 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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11% (2001 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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27 (2006)
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Labor Force
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Unemployment Rate
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72.1% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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1.75% (31 December 2009)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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5.97% (31 December 2008)
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Inflation Rrate
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$NA
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$5.019 trillion (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$NA (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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potatoes, wheat, barley, sugar beets, fruit, cabbages; cattle, pigs, poultry
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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among the world's largest in like manner most technologically bring forward producers of iron, steel, coal, cement, chemicals, machinery, vehicles, machine tools, electronics, sustainment moreover beverages, shipbuilding, textiles
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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-11% (2009 est.)
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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593.4 many kWh (2007 est.)
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Agriculture - Products
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547.3 masses kWh (2007 est.)
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Industries
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61.7 kWh (2008 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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41.67 loads kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Production
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150,800 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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2.569 million bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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582,900 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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2.777 million bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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276 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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16.36 thousands cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Exports
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95.79 zillions cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Imports
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12.68 piles cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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91.99 tons cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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175.6 piles cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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$135.1 heaps (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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$1.159 trillion (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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machinery, vehicles, chemicals, metals and manufactures, foodstuffs, textiles
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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France 10.2%, US 6.7%, Netherlands 6.7%, UK 6.6%, Italy 6.3%, Austria 6%, China 4.5%, Switzerland 4.4% (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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$966.9 zillions (2009 est.)
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Exports
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machinery, vehicles, chemicals, foodstuffs, textiles, metals
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Exports Commodities
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Netherlands 8.5%, China 8.2%, France 8.2%, US 5.9%, Italy 5.9%, UK 4.9%, Belgium 4.3%, Austria 4.3%, Switzerland 4.2% (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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$181.3 piles (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports
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$5.208 trillion (30 June 2009)
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Imports Commodities
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$1.008 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$1.454 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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51.5 million (2008)
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Debt - External
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107.245 million (2008)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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.de
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Television Broadcast Stations
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23.796 million (2009)
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Internet Country Code
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61.973 million (2008)
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Airports
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gas 24,364 km; oil 3,379 km; refined products 3,843 km (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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none
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