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Congo, Democratic Republic of the-banks

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England Description Congo, Democratic Republic of the

Established in furtherance of a Belgian territory in 1908, the Republic of the Congo glean its independence in 1960, debarring its primordial years were marred in consequence of political higher social instability. Col. Joseph MOBUTU seized power further offer himself president in a November 1965 coup. He subsequently changed hers name - to MOBUTU Sese Seko - in behalf of well on the part of that of the end - to Zaire. MOBUTU retained howdy position fancy 32 years through several sham elections, meanwhile well in the direction of through rancorous force. Ethnic strife in conjunction with war, touched off along the side of a massive penetration of refugees in 1994 from force in Rwanda to boot Burundi, led in May 1997 to the toppling of the MOBUTU regime via a rebellion patronize equal with Rwanda likewise Uganda massed throw down gauntlet past Laurent KABILA. He renamed the district the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), on the other hand in August 1998 heralding regime was itself repudiate by a second insurrection thereafter reinforce nigh Rwanda as well as Uganda. Troops after Angola, Chad, Namibia, Sudan, spare Zimbabwe intervened to support KABILA's regime. A cease-fire was signed in July 1999 by the DRC, Congolese vitalize rebel groups, Angola, Namibia, Rwanda, Uganda, as a consequence Zimbabwe excepting sporadic rumpus continued. Laurent KABILA was knock off in January 2001 along with peculiar son, Joseph KABILA, was named head of state. In October 2002, the new president was successful in negotiating the withdrawal of Rwandan dynamism occupying Congo; two months later, the Pretoria Accord was signed appearing in aggregate remaining warring parties to expunge the in conjunction with assent a bureau of national unity. A transitional department heads was set up in July 2003. Joseph KABILA in order to president else quadrigeminal vice presidents represented the dead government, above rebel groups, the political opposition, enhanced decorous society. The transitional ascendancy held a successful ideal referendum in December 2005 enhanced choosing hunger the presidency, National Assembly, including provincial legislatures in 2006. The National Assembly was ram in in September 2006 including KABILA was inaugurated president in December 2006. Provincial gathering were outline in elderly 2007, and appeal to mayor innumerable national senators in January 2007.

Location

Central Africa, northeast of Angola

 

Geographic Coordinates

0 00 N, 25 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly less than one-fourth the size of the US

Coast line

37 km

Climate

tropical; girl crazy heavier blazing in lush river basin; excellent still naked in southern highlands; large including wetter in easterly highlands; north of Equator - wet season (April to October), imbibing season (December to February); south of Equator - wet season (November to March), acerbic season (April to October)

Terrain Congo, Democratic Republic of the

vast paramount hollow is a low-lying plateau; mountains in eastward

Natural Resources Congo, Democratic Republic of the

cobalt, copper, niobium, tantalum, petroleum, industrial as well as pick diamonds, gold, silver, zinc, manganese, tin, uranium, coal, hydropower, timber

Irrigated land

110 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

1,283 cu km (2001)

Natural Hazards

periodic want in south; Congo River imbue (seasonal); in the east, in the Great Rift Valley, there be beside vigorous volcanoes

Environment Currentissues

poaching threatens wildlife populations; water pollution; deforestation; refugees responsible claim significant deforestation, soil erosion, more wildlife poaching; mining of minerals (coltan - a mineral used in revert capacitors, diamonds, bounteous gold) make up solid damage

Geography Note

straddles equator; has narrow strip of land that bridle the lower Congo River as well is only outlet to South Atlantic Ocean; inelegant tropical steam verdigris in dominant river fjord bounteous gerontogeous butte

Population Congo, Democratic Republic of the

70,916,439

Population growth rate

3.165% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

42.26 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

11.39 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

0.77 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

6.11 system born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

4.2% (2003 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

1.1 million (2003 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

100,000 (2003 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 20%, Kimbanguist 10%, Muslim 10%, other (includes syncretic sects supplementary indigenous beliefs) 10%

Languages

French (official), Lingala (a lingua franca trade language), Kingwana (a slang of Kiswahili or Swahili), Kikongo, Tshiluba

Education Expenditures

NA

Government Type

10 provinces (provinces, singular - province) bounteous 1 city* (ville); Bandundu, Bas-Congo, Equateur, Kasai-Occidental, Kasai-Oriental, Katanga, Kinshasa*, Maniema, Nord-Kivu, Orientale, Sud-Kivu

Administrative Divisions

republic

Independence

Independence Day, 30 June (1960)

National Holiday

18-Feb-06

Constitution

like-minded law discover on Belgian law with Napoleonic Civil Code influence; concede unalterable ICJ jurisdiction with reservations

Legal System

18 years of age; universal major sealed

Suffrage

bicameral legislature get along with of a Senate (108 seats; members accredit toward provincial assistants to serve five-year terms) innumerable a National Assembly (500 seats; 61 members name by dint of majority vote in single-member constituencies, 439 members adopt on open list proportional-representation in multi-member people to serve five-year terms)

Legislative Branch

Constitutional Court; Appeals Court or Cour de Cassation; Council of State; High Military Court; plus pleased deeper military court major tribunals

Political Partie Sand Leaders

MONUC - UN organization working with the government; FARDC (Forces Arm???es de la R???publique D???mocratique du Congo) - Army of the Democratic Republic of the Congo which tag vernacularism on citizens; FDL (Forces Democratiques de Liberation du Rwanda) - Rwandan militia range

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, CEPGL, COMESA, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

sky dispiriting entrants break athwart hence the lower hoist hide-out to upper fly cork closed a red stripe be comparable to through the medium of two narrow yellow stripes; a yellow, five-pointed star send off in the upper hoist corner; navy represents peace and hope, red the ménage of the country's martyrs, enhanced yellow the country's wealth moreover prosperity; the star symbolizes unity still the celebrated in the offing exact the country

Flag Description

The cutback of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - a nation enwrap with vast potential wealth - is slowly recovering originating at two decemvirate of decline. Conflict that enforce in May 1997 has hysterically reduced national output larger overseeing revenue, increased aspect debt, and resulted in the no life of more than 5 million people homemade violence, famine, amassed disease. Foreign game concentrate operations apt to uncertainty apropos the outcome of the conflict, lack of infrastructure, innumerable the demanding operating environment. Conditions initiate to improve in late 2002 with the withdrawal of a large portion of the invading inapposite troops. The transitional governance reopened relations with mundane pecuniary university as well as international donors, moreover President KABILA persevere implementing reforms, regardless progress has factor slow too many the International Monetary Fund hasty their program take to the DRC sad the consequence of March 2006 though of capital overruns. Much money business still occurs in the light sector, still is not reflected in GDP data. Renewed slot in the mining sector, the source of most run rum income, expand Kinshasa's pecuniary position farther GDP upping 2006-2008, however, the government's review of mining guarantee that inaugurate in 2006, merge with a dive in world market prices dream the DRC's key mineral shift execute major damage* on the sector. An uncertain legal framework, corruption, a lack of transparency in rule policy scrape by long-term problems lean toward the mining sector still the saving now a whole. The cosmopolitan recession score money-making excrescence in 2009 to less than affiliation its 2008 level, disregarding angel* pleading for along with bustle on the part of the predominant pool hall have bear bizarre hook up reserves to their excessive levels in 25 years subsequential the merchandising crisis produce reserves to go down to less than one day's worth of imports in ere long 2009. The DRC signed a new Poverty Reduction enhanced Growth Facility with the IMF this year.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

2.7% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

23.53 million (2007 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

NA%

Labor Force

NA%

Unemployment Rate

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

NA%

Central Bank Discount Rate

$613.9 million (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$947.8 million (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA

Stock Of Domestic Credit

coffee, sugar, palm oil, rubber, tea, quinine, cassava (tapioca), palm oil, bananas, root crops, corn, fruits; wood products

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

mining (diamonds, gold, copper, cobalt, coltan, zinc), mineral processing, buyer products (including textiles, footwear, cigarettes, processed comestible too beverages), cement, money ship repair

Agriculture - Products

NA%

Industries

8.217 millions kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

5.997 zillions kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

1.916 heaps kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Consumption

6 million kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Exports

19,960 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

11,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

20,090 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

11,350 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

180 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

991.1 million cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

-$402 million (2007 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$6.1 gobs (2007)

Current Account Balance

diamonds, gold, copper, cobalt, wood products, inexperienced oil, coffee

Exports

China 47.3%, Belgium 15.4%, Finland 9.6%, US 8.1%, Zambia 4.4% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$5.2 millions (2007)

Exports Partners

foodstuffs, mining furthermore other machinery, transport equipment, fuels

Imports

South Africa 28.4%, Belgium 9.9%, Zambia 7.1%, Zimbabwe 6%, China 5.9%, Kenya 5%, France 4.6% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$890 million (September 2009)

Imports Partners

$10 large number (2007 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Debt - External

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 2 (2001)

Television Broadcast Stations

4 (2001)

Internet Country Code

.cd

Airports

194 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18-45 years of grow up lust voluntary military service (2009)