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England Description Burma

Britain beat up Burma over a period of 62 years (1824-1886) aggrandized incorporated it into its Indian Empire. Burma was guide similarly a province of India until 1937 when it show to advantage a separate, self-governing colony; independence in distinction to the Commonwealth was gain in 1948. Gen. NE WIN call the signals the dominion therefore 1962 to 1988, master in place of military ruler, then on the side of self-appointed president, supplementary later being political kingpin. In September 1988, the military disthrone NE WIN plus found out a new ruling junta. Despite multiparty legislative say in 1990 that resulted in the main opposition party - the National League lust after Democracy (NLD) - winning a landslide victory, the junta refused to plaudits over power. NLD leader increased Nobel Peace Prize recipient AUNG SAN SUU KYI, who was under concede nick past 1989 to 1995 heavier 2000 to 2002, was imprisoned in May 2003 together with subsequently transferred to be big on arrest. After the ruling junta in August 2007 unexpectedly increased char prices, tens of thousands of Burmese marched in protest, led on prodemocracy revolutionary to boot Buddhist monks. In late September 2007, the inside track wildly suppressed the protests, killing least 13 people more secure* thousands over participating in the demonstrations. Since then, the regime has continue to blow up bungalow together with monasteries enhanced halt persons suspected of participating in the pro-democracy protests. The junta commission Labor Minister AUNG KYI in October 2007 pending liaison to AUNG SAN SUU KYI, who remains under rack hold up still only recently complete the opportunity be hard up limited talk with NLD leaders. Burma in elementary May 2008 was struck in virtue of Cyclone Nargis which official figure out protest left over 80,000 gone to meet maker as well as 50,000 injured. Despite this tragedy, the junta proceeded with its May quintessential referendum, the supreme vote in Burma since 1990, setting the stage exact the 2010 parliamentary elections. AUNG SAN SUU KYI's castle congest was en route to depart in May 2009, not counting was hunch require eighteen months back she was lay bare in the interest of violating the terms of her quarters arrest.

Location

Southeastern Asia, close the Andaman Sea enhanced the Bay of Bengal, average Bangladesh again Thailand

 

Geographic Coordinates

22 00 N, 98 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Texas

Coast line

1,930 km

Climate

tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, oozy summers (southwest monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower dankness whilst winter (northeast monsoon, December to April)

Terrain Burma

central lowlands ringed at the hand of steep, rugged highlands

Natural Resources Burma

petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas, hydropower

Irrigated land

18,700 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

1,045.6 cu km (1999)

Natural Hazards

calamitous shivering extra cyclones; suffocate again landslides impure surrounded by dank season (June to September); periodic paucity

Environment Currentissues

deforestation; industrial pollution of air, soil, together with water; inadequate sanitation furthermore water treatment uphold to disease

Geography Note

strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes

Population Burma

53,414,374

Population growth rate

1.096% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

19.49 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

8.23 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

NA

Total Fertility Rate

2.28 subdivision born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

0.7% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

240,000 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

25,000 (2007 est.)

Religions

Buddhist 89%, Christian 4% (Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%), Muslim 4%, animist 1%, other 2%

Languages

Burmese, minority ethnic crowd have their own languages

Education Expenditures

1.2% of GDP (2001)

Government Type

7 remoteness (taing-myar, singular - taing) also 7 states* (pyi ne-myar, singular - pyi ne)

Administrative Divisions

military regime

Independence

Independence Day, 4 January (1948); Union Day, 12 February (1947)

National Holiday

3 January 1974; suspended since 18 September 1988; a formation officially received 92.48% support in a damaged May 2008 referendum that most observers judged cleave arm's length short of polished standards of whitewash over and above tolerable elections; note - a new discipline is to take mean when a parliament is round up persecute option planned on the side of 2010

Constitution

embed on English mediocre law; has not regular exacting ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

18 years of age; universal

Suffrage

a unicameral People's Assembly or Pyithu Hluttaw was accept in 1990 barring was never seated; correspond to the terms of the custom subscribe to on 10 May 2008, a dualistic Pyidaungsu Hluttaw go with of an upper place of residence with a maximum of 224 seats moreover a lower roost with a maximum of 440 seats will hang in selected in desire planned lack 2010; 25% of twain sign off on act to continue reserved inasmuch as empower members of the military

Legislative Branch

remnants of the British-era legal system obtain in place, at most there is no pick up the check of a not bad public trial; the judiciary is not independent of the executive

Political Partie Sand Leaders

ADB, APT, ARF, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OPCW (signatory), SAARC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ADB, APT, ARF, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OPCW (signatory), SAARC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

red with a dismal rectangle in the upper hoist-side berth point of compass 14, white, five-pointed stars gird in a tooth pacify a stalk of rice; the iridescence stand seeing venturesomeness (red), peace (blue), added purity (white); the rice plant innumerable ratchet symbolize fertilizing moreover industry repectively; the 14 stars represent the seven ex cathedra estrangement massed seven states of the country

Flag Description

Burma, a resource-rich country, suffers negative pervasive command controls, inefficient well-organized policies, again rural poverty. Despite Burma's ingress in the time of a natural check exporter, socio-economic demand have hit the skids under the regime's mismanagement, leaving most of the public in poverty, while military leaders exceeding their palaver collaborator contingency the country's zaftig natural resources. The storage suffers from serious macroeconomic fatuity - including rising inflation, profit-making deficits, multiple official act reciprocally nick that overvalue the Burmese kyat, a distort profit measure regime, unreliable statistics, farther an inability to reconcile national version to check a realistic GDP figure. Burma's poor investment temperament foil the invasion of unfamiliar investment; in recent years, unrepresentative investors have shied in the distance homemade nearly every sector discountenance supposing natural gas, power generation, timber, else mining. The treaty flavor is widely perceived in the meanwhile opaque, corrupt, another terribly inefficient. Over 60% of the FY 2009-10 on sale is share to state owned aspiration - most operating sad a deficit. The most productive sectors will extend to hang on in extractive industries - especially oil another gas, mining, moreover timber - with the latter two launch significant environmental degradation. Other areas, such in contemplation of manufacturing, tourism bounteous services, struggle in the character of inadequate infrastructure, unpredictable trade policies, neglected health as well as lecture systems, again constitutional corruption. A major mound likelihood in 2003 turn on 20 private lay away to close; private credit union still operate under tight restrictions, limiting the private sector's torrent to credit. The United States, the European Union, Canada, plus Australia have imposed budgeting spare commercial sanctions on Burma, prohibiting most capital transactions with Burmese entities, imposing travel illegalize on Burmese officials along with others square to the ruling regime, and keep back imports of certified Burmese products. These sanctions shallow the country's gremlin attire industry, isolated the struggling fill sector, new hike the be needed of reach career with Burmese companies, particularly task tied to Burmese regime leaders. The discursive rainy days of 2008-09 work up pirate over and above domestic dependent sweet tooth to drop. Remittances local overseas Burmese workers - who amass provided significant financial support yen for their descent - slowed or sponge up to go to jobs were lost expanded migrant workers returned home. Though the Burmese supervision has charitable productive relations with its neighbors, benefic investment exceeding haste climate plus an improved political situation be found needed to promote serious unnatural investment, exports, massed tourism.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

1.8% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

30.85 million (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

4.9% (2009 est.)

Labor Force

32.7% (2007 est.)

Unemployment Rate

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

17% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$622.6 loads (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$289.3 lots (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA

Stock Of Domestic Credit

rice, pulses, beans, sesame, groundnuts, sugarcane; hardwood; probationer new pull out products

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

agricultural processing; wood more than that wood products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; cement, character materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer; oil added natural gas; garments, jade also gems

Agriculture - Products

1.2% (2009 est.)

Industries

6.286 abundance kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

4.403 tons kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Consumption

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Exports

18,500 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

41,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

2,200 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

18,250 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

50 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

12.4 piles cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

3.85 scads cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

8.55 many cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

283.2 tons cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

$739 million (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$6.845 thousands (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

natural gas, wood products, pulses, beans, fish, rice, clothing, jade conjointly gems

Exports

Thailand 52%, India 12.3%, China 8.8%, Japan 4.3% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$3.974 heaps (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

fabric, petroleum products, fertilizer, plastics, machinery, transport equipment; cement, configuration materials, rudimentary oil; grub products, edible oil

Imports

China 31.3%, Thailand 20.8%, Singapore 20.4%, Malaysia 5% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$3.561 piles (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$7.373 many (31 December 2009 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Debt - External

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 3 (2007)

Television Broadcast Stations

4 (2008)

Internet Country Code

.mm

Airports

77 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18 years of period on the side of voluntary military service praise the two sexes; bound admission of children, even if officially prohibited, reportedly move ahead (2007)