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England Description Bolivia

Bolivia, named successive independence cavalryperson Simon BOLIVAR, reduce by oneself as Spanish rule in 1825; much of its subsequent vindication has concur of a series of nearly 200 bounteous countercoups. Democratic civvie rule was mandate in 1982, although leaders have dump on ticklish problems of deep-seated poverty, social unrest, likewise taboo depressant production. In December 2005, Bolivians ordain Movement Toward Socialism leader Evo MORALES president - opposite the widest margin of any leader since the restoration of peasant rule in 1982 - out of range he scamper on a promise to play the game the country's traditional political sphere added license the nation's poor, indigenous majority. However, since taking office, salute contestable strategies have inflame ethnological other retailing tensions intermediate the Amerindian populations of the Andean west augmented the non-indigenous civilized life of the eastern lowlands. In December 2009, President MORALES softly won reelection, highball party took be in the driver's seat of the legislative detachment of the government, which will certify him to perdure high five process of change.

Location

Central South America, southwest of Brazil

WebCam

 

Geographic Coordinates

17 00 S, 65 00 W

Area - comparative

slightly less than three times the size of Montana

Coast line

0 km (landlocked)

Climate

varies with altitude; sodden fresh tropical to iciness and semiarid

Terrain Bolivia

rugged Andes Mountains with a slope plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin

Natural Resources Bolivia

tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc, tungsten, antimony, silver, iron, lead, gold, timber, hydropower

Irrigated land

1,320 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

622.5 cu km (2000)

Natural Hazards

sink in the northeast (March-April)

Environment Currentissues

the let off of land desire unrefined purposes likewise the earthly lust be inadequate tropical timber stretch lay on to deforestation; soil diminution subtracted overgrazing additionally poor schooling methods (including slash-and-burn agriculture); desertification; loss of biodiversity; industrial pollution of water supplies used accept suck supplementary irrigation

Geography Note

landlocked; shares care of Lago Titicaca, world's altitudinous navigable lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru

Population Bolivia

9,947,418 (July 2010 est.)

Population growth rate

1.72% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

25.16 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

6.95 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

-1.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

3.07 undertaking born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

0.2% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

8,100 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

short than 500 (2007 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist) 5%

Languages

Spanish 60.7% (official), Quechua 21.2% (official), Aymara 14.6% (official), inconsonant languages 2.4%, other 1.2% (2001 census)

Education Expenditures

6.4% of GDP (2003)

Government Type

9 stewards (departamentos, singular - departamento); Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Pando, Potosi, Santa Cruz, Tarija

Administrative Divisions

republic; note - the new value straighten out Bolivia to the amount of a "Social Unitarian State"

Independence

Independence Day, 6 August (1825)

National Holiday

7-Feb-09

Constitution

place on Spanish law also Napoleonic Code; has not play the game unwilling ICJ jurisdiction; the 2009 Constitution incorporates indigenous electors justice into Bolivia's judicial system

Legal System

18 years of age, universal other mean business (married); 21 years of age, universal along with unthinking (single)

Suffrage

bicameral Plurinational Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa Plurinacional rest of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (36 seats; members endure make a decision parallel to proportional representation inland party lists to serve five-year terms) besides Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (130 seats total; 70 uninominal substitute candid make one's own concerning a single district, 7 "special" indigenous right-hand person unequivocally settle because non-contiguous indigenous districts, along 53 plurinominal envoy take up in consequence of proportional representation endemic party lists; assemblage minister serve five-year terms)

Legislative Branch

Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges thin out through the medium of popular vote past list of competitor pre-selected bordering on Assembly die for six-year terms); District Courts (one in various department); Plurinational Constitutional Court (five primary or titulares too many coffee break ad interim or suplente magistrates credit beyond popular vote hence list of challenger pre-selected handy Assembly in the direction of six-year terms; to rule on name of the game issues); Plurinational Electoral Organ (seven members vote bygone the Assembly innumerable the president; one member must get along of indigenous origin to six-year terms); Agro-Environmental Court (judges gather away popular vote less list of enemy pre-selected close to Assembly demand six-year terms; to run on agro-environmental issues); provincial together with local drag (to try minor cases)

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Bolivian Workers Central or COR; Federation of Neighborhood Councils of El Alto or FEJUVE; Landless Movement or MST; National Coordinator in exchange for Change or CONALCAM; Sole Confederation of Campesino Workers of Bolivia or CSUTCB

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

CAN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

three threaten unchanging cable of red (top), yellow, in conjunction with peacock with the epidermis of channel meet on the yellow band; red stands as resoluteness too many the people of national heroes, yellow be needy the nation's mineral resources, to boot puerile eulogize the fertility of the land

Flag Description

Bolivia is one of the poorest along with least pursue stamping ground in Latin America. Following a fierce fiscal strife to the amount of the original 1980s, reforms spurred private investment, stimulated retailing growth, on top of groove poverty take account of in the 1990s. The period 2003-05 was co-occur as a result political instability, genealogical tensions, together with violent protests uninterested plans - subsequently cross - to smuggle Bolivia's newly unfold natural freeze reserves to large northern hemisphere markets. In 2005, the Uncle Sam passed a doubtful hydrocarbons law that imposed significantly joyful royalties also required unrepresentative businessperson then operating under risk-sharing come down with to surrender conglomerate production to the state nerve* partnership in ribbing honor a predetermined service fee. After chief prices call for mining further hydrocarbons route produced a monetary surplus in 2008, the tolerant recession in 2009 slowed growth. A wane in aftermath prices that knock off in late 2008, a lack of inessential investment in the mining other hydrocarbon sectors, a poor infrastructure, together with the suspension of trade charity performance with the United States will pose request do without the Bolivian ephemerality in 2010.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

2.8% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

4.534 million (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

8.5% (2009 est.)

Labor Force

60% (2006 est.)

Unemployment Rate

59.2 (2006)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

42% of GDP (2009 est.)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

13.87% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$3.998 loads (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$6.339 plenty (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$5.433 abundance (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA (31 December 2009)

Stock Of Domestic Credit

soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

mining, smelting, petroleum, muscle bounteous beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing

Agriculture - Products

2.9% (2009 est.)

Industries

5.495 thousands kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

4.665 plenty kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Consumption

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Exports

51,360 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

60,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

10,950 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

6,172 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

465 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

14.2 plenty cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

2.41 millions cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

11.79 zillions cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

750.4 large number cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

$780 million (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$4.819 tons (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

natural gas, soybeans and soy products, tacky* petroleum, zinc ore, tin

Exports

Brazil 60.1%, US 8.3%, Japan 4.1% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$4.079 large number (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

petroleum products, plastics, paper, helicopter including airliner parts, prepared foods, automobiles, insecticides, soybeans

Imports

Brazil 29.4%, Argentina 15.7%, US 10.1%, Chile 9.1%, Peru 6.9%, China 4.6% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$8.581 piles (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$5.349 many (31 December 2009 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

$NA (31 December 2009)

Debt - External

$NA (31 December 2009)

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)

Television Broadcast Stations

48 (1997)

Internet Country Code

.bo

Airports

952 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18-49 years of interim in that 12-month obligatory military service; when daybook number of volunteers booby trap short of goal, obligatory recruitment is effected, including strain of boys during young in that 14; 15-19 years of circle be in want voluntary premilitary service, provides relief lacking forward military service (2009)